Evaluate immune cell function, activation, and tumor-immune interactions to assess therapeutic immunomodulation. We measure T cell activation, proliferation, and cytokine secretion, dendritic cell maturation and migration, tumor-killing efficacy, and potential off-target toxicity through PBMC-based assays, co-culture systems, T-cell cytotoxicity assays, and flow cytometry to quantify immune cell populations, activation markers, and functional characteristics.